$re = '/\[\[(?:(?!\[\[|]]).)*\]\]|\b(FOO)\b/m';
$str = 'lorem ipsum FOO dolor
Should NOT match : lorem ipsum [[FOO]] dolor ==> OK
Should NOT match : lorem [[ipsum FOO dolor]] sit amet ==> Not OK
Should NOT match : lorem [[ipsumFOOsolor]] sit amet ==> OK
Should NOT match : [[lorem]] [[ipsum-FOO&dolor-sit.pdf#page=130]] ==> Not OK
';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php