re = /^(.+)(?<!\\)((?:\\\\)*)(\!\=|(?<!\!|\<|\>)=|\<\=|\>\=)(.+)$/m
str = 'name=toto
tat\\=a
bla\\bla=tor
blood\\\\=orange
wrong\\\\\\=cops
right\\\\\\\\=escaping
extrem\\\\\\\\\\=slash
hoho\\\\\\\\\\\\=ho
is\\\\\\\\\\\\\\=magic
noend=
dou=bl=equal
ma\\=tche!=operation
is\\\\!=not
is<=inferior
is>=superior
tha>t=isno<t
-----
^(.+)((?<!\\\\)=)(.+)$'
subst = '[$1$2] $3 [$4]'
result = str.gsub(re, subst)
# Print the result of the substitution
puts result
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Ruby, please visit: http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.2.0/Regexp.html