use strict;
my $str = '<p>This is a "wonderful long text". At least it should be. Here we have a <a href="http://wwww.site-to-nowhere.com" target="_blank">link</a>.</p>';
my $regex = qr/<a.*?<\/a>(*SKIP)(*F)|"([^"]*)"/p;
my $subst = '»\\1«';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/r;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html