$re = '/\b(?!red:|blue:|green:)[a-z]+(?=:)/';
$str = '(green:bar AND black:foo)
(blue:bar AND darkblue:foo)
(yellow:bar AND grey:foo)
(greengarden:bar AND red:foo)';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php