const regex = new RegExp('\\b(https?://\\S*?/documents/)en(/\\S*)\\.pdf\\b', 'g')
const str = `The problem is, if the page contains a PDF linked to another page (not my own website), example https://othersite.example.com/whatever.pdf, it becomes https://othersite.example.com/whatever_SPANISH.pdf which isn't valid on other people's sites. I want to ignore offsite links and only change URLs on my site.
So what I would like to do is look for the string: https://example.com/documents/en/whateverfilename.pdf and pull that file name out and change it to https://example.com/documents/es/whateverfilename_SPANISH.pdf (Switching the en to es and also appending the _SPANISH to the end of the PDF filename.
`;
const subst = `$1es$2_SPANISH.pdf`;
// The substituted value will be contained in the result variable
const result = str.replace(regex, subst);
console.log('Substitution result: ', result);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for JavaScript, please visit: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions