$re = '/(?<=<)[^<]+(?=<<[0-9]<)/';
$str = '1<host1<host1.network.org<<0<10.10.10.0/24<<Ed25519PublicKey = 8dtRRgAaTbUNtPxW9U3nGn6U7uvfIPwRo1wnx7xMIUH<Subnet = 10.10.3.0/24>1<host2<host2.network.org<<0<10.10.9.0/24<<Ed25519PublicKey = irn48tqF2Em4rIG0ggBmpEfaVKtkl6DmGdSzTHMmVEI<>0<host3<host3.network.org<<0<10.10.11.0/24<<Ed25519PublicKey = wQt1sFwOsd1hnBaNGHq4JDyib22fOg1YqzOp0p08ZTD<>';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php