$re = '/LOC\+11[^L]*(?:L(?!OC\+11)[^L]*)*/m';
$str = '> NAD+ST+14::92++Test\' LOC+11+KOD23277::92\' LOC+7+D77::92:Test\' LIN+1++
> test AP:IN\'IMD+F++12::272:K
> RIPPsadasdRIEM\'RFF+ON:EN10514492\'RFF+AAN:501\'
> DTM+171:20220309:102\'RFF+AIF:500\'DTM+171:20220305:102\'CTA+SC+12414:test,
> test\'COM+melweasdsaanigge.frasdasdasdaicke1@test.de:EM\'
> COM+?+49-561-490-4173:TE\'COM+?+49-561-490-84173:FX\' QTY+83:1000:PCE\'
> QTY+70:66850:PCE\'DTM+51:20080101:102\'
> QTY+72:0:PCE\'DTM+52:20080101:102\'
> QTY+194:1000:PCE\'DTM+50:20220224:102\'
> RFF+AAU:2143276\'DTM+171:20220218:102\'
> QTY+194:1000:PCE\'DTM+50:20220202:102\'
> RFF+AAU:2138944\'DTM+171:20220131:102\'
> QTY+194:1000:PCE\'DTM+50:20220105:102\'
> RFF+AAU:2138943\'DTM+171:20220103:102\' SCC+24\'
> QTY+113:1000:PCE\'DTM+2:20220412:102\'
> QTY+113:1000:PCE\'DTM+2:20220503:102\'
> QTY+113:1000:PCE\'DTM+64:20220530:102\'DTM+63:20220605:102\'
> QTY+113:1000:PCE\'DTM+64:20220620:102\'DTM+63:20220626:102\'
> QTY+113:1000:PCE\'DTM+64:20220711:102\'DTM+63:20220717:102\'
> QTY+113:1000:PCE\'DTM+64:20220801:102\'DTM+63:20220807:102\' GEI+3+37\'
>
> NAD+ST+14::92++test\' LOC+11+KOD823226::92\' LOC+7+D86::92:Test\' LIN+2++
> test H:IN\'IMD+F++12::272:K
> RIPPRIEM\'RFF+ON:EN10662318\'RFF+AAN:266\'DTM+171:20220309:102\'
> RFF+AIF:265\'DTM+171:20220305:102\'CTA+SC+12414:test,
> test\'COM+test.test@test.de:EM\'
> COM+?+49-561-490-4173:TE\'COM+?+49-561-490-84173:FX\' QTY+83:200:PCE\'
> QTY+70:14319:PCE\'DTM+51:20100101:102\'
> QTY+72:0:PCE\'DTM+52:20100101:102\' QTY+194:200:PCE\'DTM+50:20220126:102\'
> RFF+AAU:2146871\'DTM+171:20220121:102\'
> QTY+194:200:PCE\'DTM+50:20211210:102\'RFF+AAU:2146914\'DTM+171:20211209:102\' QTY+194:200:PCE\'DTM+50:20211129:102\'RFF+AAU:2139927\'DTM+171:20211124:102\'SCC+24\'
> QTY+113:200:PCE\'DTM+2:20220503:102\'
> QTY+113:200:PCE\'DTM+64:20220606:102\'DTM+63:20220612:102\'
> QTY+113:200:PCE\'DTM+64:20220718:102\'DTM+63:20220724:102\'
> QTY+113:200:PCE\'DTM+64:20220829:102\'DTM+63:20220904:102\'
> QTY+113:200:PCE\'DTM+64:20221010:102\'DTM+63:20221016:102\'
>
> UNT+142+1\'UNZ+1+2756\'';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php