use strict;
my $str = '] AN 1 campo 2 prato con penna B sps a 1 3 campo con penna C as a 1 cfr Nota filologica
] AN 1 campo 2 prato con penna B sps a 1 3 da cui campo con penna C as a 1 cfr Nota filologica
] AN 1 campo 2 prato con penna B sps a 1 3 da cuio campo con penna C as a 1 cfr Nota filologica
';
my $regex = qr/\]\s*(AN|AV)\s+1\s+([\w\s]+)\s+2\s+([\w\s]+)\s+3\s+((?=.*\bda cui\b)|(?!=.*\bda cui\b).*)/mp;
if ( $str =~ /$regex/g ) {
print "Whole match is ${^MATCH} and its start/end positions can be obtained via \$-[0] and \$+[0]\n";
# print "Capture Group 1 is $1 and its start/end positions can be obtained via \$-[1] and \$+[1]\n";
# print "Capture Group 2 is $2 ... and so on\n";
}
# ${^POSTMATCH} and ${^PREMATCH} are also available with the use of '/p'
# Named capture groups can be called via $+{name}
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html