$re = '/<a.*?href="\K[^"]+/';
$str = '<h1><a href="http://www.website.com/article/slug-that-has-undetermined-amount-of-hyphens/12345">Whatever</a></h1>
<p>Here is a url as plain text: http://www.website.com/article/sluggy-slug</p>
<div>Here is a qualifying link: <a href="http://www.website.com/article/slugger-sluggington-jr/666">Whatever</a></div>';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php