$re = '/(?<=\d{4}(-\d{2}){2}),\s*/';
$str = 'L.J. Santodonato, Y. Zhang, M. Feygenson, C.M. Parish, M.C. Gao, R.J. Weber, J.C. Neuefeind, Z. Tang, P.K. Liaw~Deviation from high-entropy configurations in the atomic distributions of a multi-principal-element alloy.~NATURE COMMUNICATIONS~6~2015~~~~0~~0~~2015-11-21, S. Liu, M.C. Gao, P.K. Liaw, Y. Zhang~Microstructures and mechanical properties of AlxCrFeNiTi 0.25 alloys.~JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS~619~2015~610~~~0~~0~~2015-11-22';
$subst = "\n";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php