use strict;
my $str = 'Digital imaging and semiconductor image sensor technology facilitated the development and rise of social media.[11] Advances in metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) semiconductor device fabrication, reaching smaller micron and then sub-micron levels during the 1980s–1990s, led to the development of the NMOS (n-type MOS) active-pixel sensor (APS) at Olympus in 1985,[12][13] and then the complementary MOS (CMOS) active-pixel sensor (CMOS sensor) at NASA\'s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in 1993.[12][14] CMOS sensors enabled the mass proliferation of digital cameras and camera phones, which bolstered the rise of social media.[11]';
my $regex = qr/{/(^\[|b)/g}/ip;
my $subst = 'dkjd';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html