$re = '/(href|src)="((\/\/)(.+))"/mU';
$str = '<a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg?uselang=ru" class="image">
<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg/220px-Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg/330px-Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg/440px-Guido_van_Rossum_OSCON_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="3504">
</a>';
$subst = "$1=\"https://$4\"";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php