$re = '/(\$line\[)(?!\d|\$\w|[^\]]*const)([^\]]+)(\])/m';
$str = '$line[word_test]
$line[$abc]
$line[a const]
$line[3]';
$subst = "$1'$2'$3";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php