use strict;
my $str = 'diff_pr_EUR-44_cordex_rcp45_mon_ave_2048-2060_minus_2005-2017_mon10_ave1_withsd.nc
';
my $regex = qr/^.*?(rcp\d+).*(_mon\d+).*/mp;
my $subst = '\\1\\2';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html