$re = '/^(?P<symbol>[^,]{1,8})(?:,[A-Z.]*)*\s+-\s+(?P<title>(?:(?!Q\d).)*?)\s*(?P<period>Q\d)?\s?(?P<year>(?:19|20)\d{2})?$/m';
$str = 'AXP - Earnings call Q2 2021
AXP - Conference call 2021
BAC,BAC.PE,BAC.PL,BACRP,BML.PL,BML.PJ,BML.PH,BML.PG,BAC.PB,BAC.PK,BAC.PM,BAC.PN - Earnings call Q2 2021
GM - General Motors Company (GM) Presents at Deutsche Bank AutoTech Conference
AXP - American Express Company (AXP) Management Presents at Barclays 2020 Global Financial Services Conference';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php