$re = '/^[a-z][a-z0-9]*(?:_[a-z0-9]+)*(?:(?<![0-9]),[a-z][a-z0-9]*(?:_[a-z0-9]+)*)*$(?<![0-9])/mi';
$str = 'a
abc
abc_abc
abc_d_e,abc_def
a,b,d
a12a_a
a12a_a,a12431a_a
a1_b
word1_2_word
word_2k
word_2
a,1
1,3
a,b,_
1_2
a123,aaa
a12a_a,1a
';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php