use strict;
my $str = '<TopicSet FormalName="PARENT1">
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child1" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child2" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child3" />
</Topic>
</TopicSet>
<TopicSet FormalName="PARENT2">
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child1" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child2" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child3" />
</Topic>
</TopicSet>';
my $regex = qr/(<TopicSet.*?>)([\s\S]*?)(<\/TopicSet>)/mp;
my $subst = '$2';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html