$re = '/^(([^f]|f([^io]|o([^r]|r[a-z])|i([^ln]|l([^e]|e[a-z])|n([^d]|d[a-z]))))[a-z]*|(f(o|i|i(l|n))))?$/';
$str = 'fo';
preg_match($re, $str, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php