use strict;
my $str = '311/3-31.2/3+x_{3}/4+(3+4)/2+(x_{12}/2+234)/1+9/(3+8)+(5+9/8)/5.6+x_{8}/x_{7}+(3)/m';
my $regex = qr/(\d*\.\d*|\d*|x_{\d*}|\(.*?\)+)[\/]+(\(.*?\)|x_{\d*}|\d*\.\d*|\d*)/p;
my $subst = '\\\\frac{$1}{$2}';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html