$re = '/^"*([^\s"]+@[^\s"]+)"* +<(?!\1>)[^>]*>$/m';
$str = '##THESE SHOULD NOT MATCH
###PART BEFORE THE LAST < DOSE NOT CONTAIN @
this example <this@example.com>
"this example" <this@example.com>
Name <this@example.com>
"Name" <this@example.com>
this@example.com
<this@example.com>
##THESE SHOULD NOT MATCH
###PART BEFORE THE LAST < CONTAINS @, HOWEVER BOTH STRINGS ARE IDENTICAL
"this@example.tld" <this@example.tld>
this@example.tld <this@example.tld>
##THESE SHOULD NOT MATCH
###PART BEFORE THE LAST < CONTAINS SPACE
"random @ other.com" <this@example.tld>
random @ other.com <this@example.tld>
#THESE SHOULD MATCH
alpha@example.com <beta@example.com>
"alpha@example.com" <beta@example.net>
alpha@other.tld <beta@example.com>
"alpha@other.tld" <alpha@example.com>
prefix@example.edu <prefix@example.edu.com>
"prefix@example.edu" <prefix@example.edu.com>
';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php