$re = '/^(?:(?:[\s\w]*(?:({(?:[\s\w]*%\(\w*\)[\s\w]*)+(?:{(?:[\s\w]*%\(\w*\)[\s\w]*)+})*})+)[\s\w]*)+)$/m';
$str = '# Your valid example
abc {st1 %(ph1) st11} int {st2 %(ph2) st22}{st3 %(ph3) st33 {st31 %(ph4) st332}} cd
# Your valid Legenda
OptionalStaticText{OptionalStaticText %(Placeholder) OptionalStaticText {OptionalSubSection} OptionalStaticText} OptionalStaticText
# Your invalid example
abc {st1 %(ph1) st11} int {st2 %(ph2) st22}{st3 %(ph3) st33 {st31 %(ph4) st332}} c-d
# Without pre / post optional static text and some optional text inside section
{%(Placeholder) OptionalStaticText {OptionalSubSection}}
# With only a placeholder in the section
OptionalStaticText{%(Placeholder)} OptionalStaticText
# The valid version
abc {st1 %(ph1) st11} int {st2 %(ph2) st22}{st3 %(ph3) st33 {st31 %(ph4) st332}} cd
';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php