$re = '/\A((https?:\/\/(localhost:3000|blog\.example\.com))?\/posts\/(?<post_id>\S+?))?(?<fragment>#(comment-(?<comment_id>\d+)|\S+?)?)?\z/m';
$str = 'http://blog.example.com/posts/foo#comment-123';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php