$re = '/\[\[\w{5,}[^[\]]*\]\]/m';
$str = '[[FOOTNOTE 23]] + [[FOOTNOTE 1787] + 182 - x +[[XYZ123]] + [[CD78G]]';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php