$re = '/<TopicSet FormalName="PARENT1">(?:(?:\s|\S)*?)TopicType FormalName="(.+)"(?:(?:\s|\S)*?)<\/TopicSet>/m';
$str = '<TopicSet FormalName="PARENT1">
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child1" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child2" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child3" />
</Topic>
</TopicSet>
<TopicSet FormalName="PARENT2">
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child1" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child2" />
</Topic>
<Topic>
<TopicType FormalName="Child3" />
</Topic>
</TopicSet>';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php