# If you'd like to omit non-matching lines from the result; add ';d' to the end of the expression.
sed -E 's/(@PROG\$\s+)\([A-Z]+\)/\1@PROG$/gm;t' <<< "Background (UNASSIGNED): Previous study of ours showed that @PROG$ (ALI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are independent significant prognostic factors in operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients."
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for SED, please visit: https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/manual/html_node/The-_0022s_0022-Command.html