use strict;
my $str = './ringtones 1 space test/R2D2.mp3
foo bar abc def/Test Input File';
my $regex = qr~(?:.*/|\G)\K(\S+)\s+(?![^/]*/)~mp;
my $subst = '$1_';
my $result = $str =~ s~$regex~$subst~rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html