$re = '/^(?<protocol>jsr:|npm:|node:)(\/*(@(?<scope>[^\/\s]+)\/)?(?<pkg>[^@\/\s]+)(@(?<version>[^\/\r\n\t\f\v]+))?)?(?<pathname>\/.*)?$/m';
$str = 'npm:/@scope/package@version/pathname
npm:package@version/pathname
npm:package
npm:package/pathname
npm:package@version
npm:package@version/pathname
npm:/package
npm:/package/pathname
npm:/package@version
npm:/package@version/pathname
npm:@scope/package
npm:@scope/package/pathname
npm:@scope/package@version
npm:@scope/package@version/pathname
npm:/@scope/package
npm:/@scope/package/pathname
npm:/@scope/package@version
npm:/@scope/package@version/pathname
npm://////package/pathname
jsr:package
jsr:package/pathname
jsr:package@version
jsr:package@version/pathname
jsr:/package
jsr:/package/pathname
jsr:/package@version
jsr:/package@version/pathname
jsr:@scope/package
jsr:@scope/package/pathname
jsr:@scope/package@version
jsr:@scope/package@version/pathname
jsr:/@scope/package
jsr:/@scope/package/pathname
jsr:/@scope/package@version
jsr:/@scope/package@version/pathname
jsr://////package/pathname
jsr:@scope/package@~2.2.0/pathname/file.ts
jsr:@scope/package@>2.1/pathname/dirname/
jsr:@scope/package@1.0.0 - 1.2.0/pathname/file.ts
jsr:package@^2 <2.2 || > 2.3
jsr:@scope/package@>=1.0.0-rc.0 <1.0.1
';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php