$re = '/^(?:[^"#]*".*"[^"#]*|[^"#]*)(#.*)?$/mi';
$str = '{ # comment 1
"hello": "Wor#d", "Bye": "\\"M#rk\\"",# comment" 2
"quote": "\\"th#t\'s\\" what she said", # comment 3
"list": [1, 1, "#", "\\"", 5, 8] # comment 4 with "quotes"
}
# comment 5';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php