$re = '/^[a-zA-Z\d]+(?=([-_])?)(?:\1[a-zA-Z\d]+)*$/m';
$str = '-test
: false
test-
: false
te--st
: false
test
: true
test-test
: true
te-st-t
: true
te-st_test
: false
te_st_test
: true';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php