use strict;
my $str = 'Test_Interface extends
Test_Interface_Foo_Bar {
Test_FooBar implements
Test_FooBarFoo_Bar_Bar_Foo';
my $regex = qr/(?:\bTest|(?!^)\G)[^_]*\K_/p;
my $subst = '\\\\';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html