$re = '#(<div class="([^"]+)">.+<div class="child-same-class">)#isU';
$str = '<div class="parent-first-class">
<div class="child-same-class">
<div class="parent-second-class">
<div class="child-same-class">
<div class="parent-third-class">
<div class="child-same-class">';
$subst = "$1\n\t<xf:if is=\"\$someVariable == '$2'\">...</xf:if>";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php