const regex = new RegExp('\\[\\[:fr:(?P<lien>[^:|[{}\\n\\]\\|]+)\\|(?P=lien)\\]\\]', 'gm')
const str = `[[:fr:Mille_Miglia_1932|Mille Miglia]]
[[:fr:wikt:demi-produit|demi-produit]] :
Amours Gauquié Pont Alexandre III Paris.jpg|Lampadaire "Ronde des Amours" de [[:fr:Henri Désiré Gauquié|Henri Désiré Gauquié]], [[Pont Alexandre III]] Kiosque...
- * [[:fr:Jean Dewasne|Jean Dewasne]]
`;
const subst = `[[\g<1>]]`;
// The substituted value will be contained in the result variable
const result = str.replace(regex, subst);
console.log('Substitution result: ', result);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for JavaScript, please visit: https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Regular_Expressions