$re = '/\G(\S+)( (?=\1(?: |\z)))?/';
$str = 'abc abc abc defg abc h abc abc abc';
$subst = "hello$2";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php