$re = '/^(((::){0,1}[_A-z][_A-z0-9]*)+)$/m';
$str = 'monkey
dog
dog8_
_dog8
8dog_
::std
::monkey
::monkey::dog::cat
::monkey::8dog::cat
::frog
::7frog
boost::asio
::boost::asio';
$subst = "$1";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php