use strict;
my $str = '$app.url = $cfg.url ? $cfg.url : \'domain.ext\'';
my $regex = qr/'[^\\']*(?:\\.[^\\']*)*'(*SKIP)(*F)|\.(\w+)/msp;
my $subst = '[$1]';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html