use strict;
my $str = ' foo dog
bar cat
foo bar bird
bar rodent
frog foo fish
';
my $regex = qr/^(.*\S)?\s*$/mp;
my $subst = '$1,';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html