$re = '/(?(DEFINE)(?\'nonbrace\' [^{}\n] ))
(?(DEFINE)(?\'begin\' { ))
(?(DEFINE)(?\'end\' } ))
(?(DEFINE)(?\'middle\' (?&nonbrace) ))
(?(DEFINE)(?\'nested\'
((?&begin)((?&middle)|(?&nested))*(?&end))
))
^((?&nonbrace)*+(?&nested))*+(?&nonbrace)*$/xm';
$str = '
a
abc
{}
{a}
{{aa}}
{a{b}}
{a{bb}a}
{a{b{c}b}a}
n{a{}}nn{b{bb}}
\\@writefile{toc}}}}{\\contentsline {section}{\\numberline {B
\\@writefile{toc}{\\contentsline {section}{\\numberline {B
Previous lines contain mismatched braces. This and the next line don\'t.
\\@writefile{toc}{\\contentsline {section}{\\numberline {B}}}';
preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER, 0);
// Print the entire match result
var_dump($matches);
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php