$re = '/(\((.+)\)(\d+)|\[(.+)\](\d+)|\{(.+)\}(\d+))/m';
$str = 'Fe(NO3)2
H2O
Mg(OH)2
K4[ON(SO3)2]2
K4{ON(SO3)2}2
';
$subst = "this";
$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);
echo "The result of the substitution is ".$result;
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for PHP, please visit: http://php.net/manual/en/ref.pcre.php