use strict;
my $str = '<category id="1"><name>Мужские куртки</name><short></short></category>
<category id="2"><name>Мужские брюки</name><short></short></category>
<category id="3"><name>Мужские портянки</name><short></short></category>';
my $regex = qr/<category id="(\d+)"><name>(.*?)<\/name><short><\/short><\/category>/mp;
my $subst = '<category id="$1"><name>$2</name><short>$2</short></category>';
my $result = $str =~ s/$regex/$subst/rg;
print "The result of the substitution is' $result\n";
Please keep in mind that these code samples are automatically generated and are not guaranteed to work. If you find any syntax errors, feel free to submit a bug report. For a full regex reference for Perl, please visit: http://perldoc.perl.org/perlre.html